- No 2-dimensional, cartoon villains. (Think the Emperor from Star Wars.) These aren’t real people. People have motivations. People are complicated. Villains should be people.
- All narrators are unreliable. Even without dishonesty, events will look different from different perspectives.
- Don’t be afraid of the supernatural. Use it to tell stories.
- Don’t overuse it, either. It will get stale and lose its capacity to inspire wonder and instill fear.
- The world doesn’t make sense. Not everything gets explained or tied up in a neat little package.
- Alienation. People don’t completely understand one another.
- Listen to your characters. These are their stories.
- There is no such thing as fate. The good guys can lose.
- Really examine your characters’ plans; look for loopholes and flaws. Either plug them or explain why they don’t matter.
- In the service of the story, all of these rules can be broken.
* These rules are merely descriptive, not prescriptive. Other people should follow their own style.